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Francis Drake

Page history last edited by vlodish 14 years, 2 months ago

Sir Francis Drake

 

 

Francis Drake was an experienced and daring seafarer. Among many adventures, the 'famous voyage', his successful circumnavigation of the world between 1577 and 1580 ensured that he would be one of the best remembered figures of Tudor England.

In his own lifetime, he was thought of with mixed feelings, both at home and abroad. Some English people regarded him as a hero, but he was distrusted by others, who saw him as having risen 'above his station'. Although he was feared and hated by the Spanish, he was also regarded by some with secret admiration.

 

 

 

 


 

 


Where did Drake start his journey and where did he travel?

 

On December 17, 1577, Drake left England with three ships and two supply ships and started his circumnavigation. The voyage got off to a poor start. Terrible weather prompted some of the crew to stage a mutiny (to take over the ship). The mutiny was unsuccessful, and when Drake reached the west coast of South America, he had the leader of the mutiny, Thomas Doughty beheaded.

After the mutiny, Drake's ship, now named The Golden Hind, sailed for Valparaiso, Chile. The ship encountered Spanish sea vessels carrying gold. The Spanish ships could not identify The Golden Hind as a pirate ship because of rainy weather, and because the Golden Hind had been ravaged by bad weather. As a result, Drake plundered the Spanish vessel and proceeded to plunder the Spanish port at Callo. Drake also learned of the location of a huge Spanish galleon named Cacofuego that was sailing toward Panama. Drake made plans to attack Cacofuego. www.mrnussbaum.com/drake.htm

 

 

 

He travelled up the west coast of South America, plundering Spanish ports. He continued north, hoping to find a route across to the Atlantic, and sailed further up the west coast of America than any European. Unable to find a passage, he turned south and then in July 1579, west across the Pacific. His travels took him to the Moluccas, Celebes, Java and then round the Cape of Good Hope. He arrived back in England in September 1580 with a rich cargo of spices and Spanish treasure and the distinction of being the first Englishman to circumnavigate the globe. Seven months later, Elizabeth knighted him aboard the Golden Hind, to the annoyance of the king of Spain.http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/drake_francis.shtml

 

 

 

 

 


Who sent Drake on his voyages and what was their motivation?

 

During his lifetime, England and Spain were bitter rivals. Seeing Spain amassing a vast empire to the west, Queen Elizabeth I of England sent Drake on a mission to explore and to seek treasure and spices.

 

 

n 1572, Queen Elizabeth commissioned Drake to work as a privateer in attacking Spanish ports and shipping. Drake left England for the Caribbean Sea with two ships and 73 sailors. After an unsuccessful attempt to attack the Spaniards in present-day Nicaragua, Drake formulated new plans to attack a Spanish vessel carrying hoards of gold brought back from Mexico. After successfully heisting the gold, he then sailed back to England and brought the spoils back to Queen Elizabeth. Queen Elizabeth promptly appointed Drake as the leader of an expedition to sail around (circumnavigate) the world. As part of the circumnavigation, Drake made further plans to plunder Spanish interests.www.mrnussbaum.com/drake.htm

 

 

 

 


Who did Drake meet on his voyages and how did he get along with them?

 

 

In 1572, Queen Elizabeth commissioned Drake to work as a privateer in attacking Spanish ports and shipping. During his vogage in the 1870's, he travelled up the west coast of South America, plundering Spanish ports.

 

In 1585 Drake sailed to the West Indies and the coast of Florida where he sacked and plundered Spanish cities. On his return voyage, he picked up the unsuccessful colonists of Roanoke Island off the coast of the Carolinas, which was the first English colony in the New World.

 


What was the outcome of Drake's voyages?

 

 

 Due mainly to the fact that he spent most of his voyages plundering Spanish ports and ships, Drake brought great riches back to England and Queen Elizabeth. For example, on March 3, 1579, The Golden Hind (Drake's ship at the time) demolished Cacofuego with cannon fire off the coast of Panama. Drake confiscated an unbelievable amount of precious metals and jewels from Cacofuego - 80 pounds of gold, two tons of silver, pearls and precious stones.

 

Drake was also the first explorer to circumnavigate (travel the whole way around) the world. On his return to England after the long voyage he was Knighted by Queen Elizabeth, despite demands from the Spanish that he should be beheaded.


Websites about Francis Drake:

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/drake_francis.shtml

 

www.mrnussbaum.com/drake.htm

 

http://www.sirfrancisdrakehistory.net/

 

http://www.nmm.ac.uk/server/show/conWebDoc.140

 

 

***http://www.elizabethan-era.org.uk/sir-francis-drake.htm

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